Pins and needles in my feet
Your feet buzz, fizz or prickle. Some people say it is like a foot that fell asleep and will not wake up. It can hit one foot or both.
The skin may also feel numb, tight, or oddly cold. Some people feel a light electric zap. Touch can feel odd, like walking on sand or on a bunched-up sock.
This feeling is common in multiple sclerosis (MS). It is also common in people who do not have MS at all. The cause matters, because the fix is not the same for each one.
When to see someone
Go to the emergency room today if you cannot pass urine. Go today if you leak stool or cannot hold it. Go today if you feel numb between your legs, in the area you sit on.
Go to the emergency room if a leg or foot turns weak fast. Warning signs are dragging the foot, tripping, or falling. Go too if the numb feeling climbs up both legs over hours.
Go to the emergency room if one foot turns cold, pale and very sore. That can mean blood is not reaching the foot.
Call your doctor or MS nurse within a day if a new numb patch spreads. Call if your sight blurs or goes dim, or your eye hurts when you move it. Call if the tingling turns into a burning pain that stops you sleeping.
See a doctor this week if a cut or sore on a numb foot is not healing. See one if both feet have tingled more and more over months. See one if you drink heavily or take a drug that can harm nerves.
Why it happens
Nerves carry signals from your feet up to your brain. Each nerve has a coating, like the plastic on a wire. The coating helps the signal move fast and clean.
In MS, the body's defence system harms that coating. The signal then arrives late or scrambled. Your brain reads the odd signal as buzzing, prickling or numbness.
In MS the problem often starts in the spine or brain, not the foot itself. That is why the foot can look normal and still feel wrong. Heat, stress and poor sleep can make the feeling louder for a while.
What else it could be
Pressure on a nerve. You sat with crossed legs, knelt, or wore tight shoes or socks. The tingling starts fast, stings as it fades, and is gone in a few minutes once you move.
Low vitamin B12. This hits both feet, builds over months, and often comes with tiredness, a sore tongue, or a foggy head.
It is more common if you take metformin or acid-reflux pills, eat no animal food, or are over 60. A blood test settles it.
High blood sugar. Diabetes damage starts in the toes and spreads up like a sock, in both feet at once. It is often worse at night and can burn as much as it tingles.
A pinched nerve in the back. This usually hits one leg only.
It often comes with back pain or a shooting pain from the buttock down the leg. Bending or coughing can set it off.
Poor blood flow. The foot feels cold and looks pale. Your calf may cramp when you walk and settle when you stop.
A trapped nerve in the foot itself. Pain or tingling sits in one small spot, such as between two toes or under the inner ankle. It flares when you stand or walk and eases when you take the shoe off.
Other causes. A low thyroid, heavy drinking, some chemo drugs, and shingles can all do it.
How MS tingling often differs. It can come on over hours or days, stay for weeks, and sit in an odd patch that does not match a sock or a single nerve.
It may cross to the trunk, or hit one side of the body. It often flares in a hot bath or hot weather and settles once you cool down.
How to read the grades below
The options below come from our page on Multiple Sclerosis. Each one carries two labels.
The first label is the evidence grade. A means strong trials in people, B means smaller or mixed studies, and C means early or limited findings. D means lab work only, and “insufficient” means the research cannot settle it yet.
The second label is the traditional tier. T3 means long use in more than one tradition, T2 means long use in one, and T1 means known use. T0 means no such record.
These grades come from research on Multiple Sclerosis, the parent Health Topic, not on pins and needles in my feet.
A grade tells you how strong the research is, not how well something will work for you. Talk to a doctor or pharmacist before you start anything, above all if you take other medicines.
What to try first
Start with the simple checks. Loosen your shoes and socks. Do not cross your legs for long, and get up and move each hour.
Ask your doctor for blood tests. Low vitamin B12, high blood sugar and a low thyroid all cause tingling feet. All three are easy to test and easy to treat.
Look at your feet each day. Numb skin can get hurt and you may not feel it. Check for cuts, blisters and red spots, and keep the nails short.
The options below are graded for MS care as a whole, not for foot tingling on its own. A grade shows how much research stands behind an option. It is not a promise of results.
Vitamin D3 has an evidence grade of A and a traditional tier of T0. Coenzyme Q10 has an evidence grade of A and a traditional tier of T0. Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) has an evidence grade of A and a traditional tier of T0.
Mediterranean Diet has an evidence grade of A and a traditional tier of T0. Fasting has an evidence grade of A and a traditional tier of T3. T3 means it also has a long history of folk use.
For movement, Pilates has an evidence grade of A and a traditional tier of T0. Yoga has an evidence grade of A and a traditional tier of T3. Physical Therapy has an evidence grade of insufficient and a traditional tier of T0, but a therapist can still teach you to walk more safely on numb feet.
Acupuncture has an evidence grade of insufficient and a traditional tier of T3. That tier means people have long used it, not that trials back it. Resveratrol has an evidence grade of insufficient and a traditional tier of T0.
Talk with your doctor or MS nurse before you start. Some pills clash with MS drugs. Fasting is not safe for everyone, and it is not safe at all if you take insulin, are pregnant, or have had an eating disorder.
How long it takes
Tingling from a crossed leg goes in a few minutes. Tingling from tight shoes fades soon after you take them off.
Tingling from an MS flare often builds over hours or days. It can hang on for weeks and then fade bit by bit. Heat can bring it back for an hour or two, and it should settle once you cool down.
If low vitamin B12 is the cause, many people notice a change in one to three months. Nerve repair is slow, so give it time.
Diet, vitamin and movement options work slowly too. Most need weeks to months before you can judge them. Try one at a time, and write a short daily note so you can spot any change.